An abortion pill is a combination of two medications taken at different times to terminate a
pregnancy. The first medication, mifepristone, works by blocking the hormone progesterone to
halt pregnancy growth. This is followed by a second medication, called misoprostol, which is
typically taken 48 hours later. It works by softening the cervix (the opening to the uterus or
womb) and causing the uterus to contract and expel pregnancy tissue. This method can be used for
women who are pregnant for approximately seven weeks.
Contrary to popular belief, abortion pills should always be medically supervised by an
accredited gynaecologist to ensure a safe and complete abortion.
Understanding the Side Effects of the Abortion Pill
What to Expect After Taking an Abortion Pill
Abortion pills, administered under the supervision of a qualified doctor, are generally a safe and
effective method of terminating an early pregnancy. However, it is important to be aware of their
potential side effects to better prepare for any possible outcomes.
Some commonly reported side effects of abortion pills include:
It is normal to experience abdominal pain and cramps two to four hours after taking the second medication (misoprostol). These sensations can range from mild to intense but will resolve within a few days or weeks and can be managed with prescribed painkillers.
After taking misoprostol, women typically experience vaginal bleeding for the first few hours. This bleeding is sometimes heavier than a regular menstrual period, as the body eliminates pregnancy tissue from the uterus. Bleeding or spotting may persist for several days but should lighten and subside after about two weeks. The doctor may recommend using sanitary pads for a few days.
Some women may experience nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea after taking the second medication (misoprostol)..
It is also possible to experience mild fever and/or chills on the day of taking an abortion pill.
When Should I Seek Medical Help?
Most women who take abortion pills exhibit the expected side effects with no complications. However, there are some possible complications that you should be aware of, as they require immediate medical attention:
This occurs when the body has not completely expelled all foetal content or pregnancy tissue from the uterus. Common symptoms include severe cramping or abdominal pain and prolonged, heavy bleeding. If left untreated, remaining tissue on the uterine wall can cause severe complications, such as pelvic infection, haemorrhaging, and discomfort, requiring additional surgery.
If the patient experiences continuous, heavy bleeding that soaks two or more sanitary pads per hour for two hours in a row, seek medical help right away.
Aside from severe bleeding, passing blood clots larger than a lemon or the size of a clenched fist for two hours or more is a potential sign of complication.
Having a fever above 38°C that lasts for more than 24 hours after taking an abortion pill can be a sign of serious infection. After the pregnancy tissue is expelled, an internal wound may form that may become infected with bacteria from the vaginal region.
Abdominal pain or cramps that become worse over time or do not subside with over-the-counter painkillers should be addressed immediately.
A discharge in the vagina that is typically dark yellow, brown, or green in colour and causes
itching or pain, as well as a fishy or foul odour may indicate a vaginal infection that needs to be
managed promptly.
Should you notice any persistent or worsening side effects, or if you have concerns about the
abortion process, do not hesitate to seek medical help right away. A follow-up exam with a
gynaecologist will also be scheduled following a medical abortion to ensure the abortion is complete
and no pregnancy tissue remains in the uterus.
MBBS (Singapore), MMed (O&G) (Singapore), FRCOG (London), FAM (Singapore)
I am an obstetrician and gynaecologist with over 30 years’ experience in Singapore and the United Kingdom, dedicated to improving women’s reproductive health and wellbeing. From preventive care to medical and surgical treatments, I handle them all within my clinic. As a supporter of reproductive choice, I also provide abortion in Singapore that is safe, effective and confidential. At our accredited abortion clinic, patients can expect a smooth and informed process along with attentive follow-up care. Whatever the purpose of visit, I will be happy to serve you to the best of my ability.
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